Elementos de identidade
Nome e localização da entidade custodiadora
Nível de descrição
Coleção
Título
Alpha 66 Records
Data(s)
- n.d., 1958-2003 (Produção)
- 1963-1985 (Produção)
Dimensão
29 Boxes
Nome do produtor
História biográfica
The Cuban exile paramilitary organization known as Alpha 66 was first organized and founded in Puerto Rico in 1961 with 66 men. The group was created with the intention of maintaining the fighting spirit of the Cuban people after the Bay of Pigs Invasion. General Secretary Andrés Nazario Sargén was a founder of Alpha 66 along with other prominent anti-communist fighters such as his older brother Aurelio Nazario, Eloy Gutiérrez Menoyo and Antonio Veciana.
Other organizations joined this armed struggle against Cuban communism, and thus began the first movements and incursions into the Cuban coast. In 1962, the Second Escambray Front (Segundo Frente del Escambray – SFE) and Alpha 66 became one, with Veciana as a coordinator and Gutiérrez Menoyo in charge of the military training. Later, Alpha 66 joined forces with the Revolutionary Movement of the People (Movimiento Revolucionario del Pueblo – MRP) in the Revolutionary Alliance (Alianza Revolucionaria).
In 1964, the Revolutionary Alliance executed “Plan Omega” that involved situating a well-equipped guerrilla force inside Cuba. Delegations from California, Florida, New York, Puerto Rico and Venezuela assembled a War Council carrying out propaganda and finance operations with the slogan, “El Plan Omega está en marcha” (“The Omega Plan is in motion”). The central goal was to overthrow the Castro regime in Cuba.
“El Plan Omega” failed, and Ernesto Díaz, Pedro Rodríguez, and Eloy Gutiérrez Menoyo, were captured along with three other Alpha officers: Domingo Ortega, Ramón Quesada Gómez, and Noel Salas Santos. After their capture, broadcast and propaganda campaigns were launched to gain release for these political prisoners. Their failure and imprisonment affected many of the rebel groups in Cuba and the Cuban exile community as a whole. The previously fiery enthusiasm diminished, and the Revolutionary Alliance split up, reduced once again to merely The Second Escambray Front and Alpha 66.
In 1965 El Correo, Alpha 66’s bulletin, announced that the new commander in chief would be Dr. Armando Fleites Díaz, who was dedicated to continuing the fight and rebuilding military strength. The renewed force initiated new paramilitary campaigns and fundraising for ships and military and radio equipment. Alpha 66 persisted in organizing and executing military operations, sabotages, and creating clandestine cells on the island. Many officers and members were killed during these infiltrations. In 1970 Coronel Vicente Méndez died in combat, and Aurelio Nazario was captured and executed.
After the 1970s, Alpha 66 restructured its underground network. New members were recruited and political activities implemented. The organization established the “Plan Máximo Gómez” in 1980 to promote internal destabilization in Cuba. As of 2010, Alpha 66 continued to operate from its headquarters in Miami, continuing to advocate for an armed civil uprising in Cuba.
Elementos de conteúdo e estrutura
Âmbito e conteúdo
The Alpha 66 Records document the political, propaganda, paramilitary, and administrative activities of the organization as collected by Andrés Nazario Sargén, one of it's founders and longtime leaders. The Records include correspondence, circular letters, financial records, clippings, maps, photographs, press releases, proclamations, programs, propaganda, and reports.
Sistema de arranjo
The Alpha 66 Records are organized into five series. Please see the "Detailed Description" and "Box and Folder Listing" sections for more information.
Condições de acesso e uso dos elementos
Condições de acesso
This collection is open for research. Access to Boxes 19 and 20 is restricted until 2038.
Acesso físico
Acesso técnico
Condiçoes de reprodução
Requests to publish or display materials from this collection require written permission from the rights owner. Please, contact chc@miami.edu for more information.
Preferred citation: Alpha 66 Records, Cuban Heritage Collection, University of Miami Libraries, Coral Gables, Florida.
Idiomas do material
- espanhol
Escrita do material
Notas ao idioma e script
Instrumentos de descrição
Instrumento de pesquisa gerado
Elementos de aquisição e avaliação
História custodial
Fonte imediata de aquisição
Gift of Andrés Nazario Sargén, 2004.
Informações de avaliação, seleção e eliminação
Ingressos adicionais
Materials added by gift of Olga Nazario, 2005.
Elementos de materiais relacionados
Existência e localização de originais
Existência e localização de cópias
Material arquivístico relacionado
Pamphlets and periodicals were separated from the Records for cataloging. Inquire at the Cuban Heritage Collection Reading Room desk or to chc@miami.edu for more information. Periodical titles include:
Alpha 66 1981-1982
Alpha 66: Boletín para Cuba n.d., 1975, 1977
Alpha 66: Cuadernos políticos No. 1
Alpha: Organo Oficial de Alpha 66, 1979
Alpha 66: News Bulletin. Juventud de Alpha 66, 1972
Antorcha: Buro Estudiantil de la Alianza Revolucionaria 1963-1964
Boletín “El Correo”
El Combate: Delegación San Juan, Puerto Rico n.d., 1972
El Combatiente: Organo oficial del Alpha 66. Delegación de New York, n.d.
Entrega Semanal: Alianza Revolucionaria. Delegaciones Venezuela, 1963-1964
El Grito de Intransigencia (Comisión Unitaria Básica de Acción, Alianza Revolucionaria, Alpha 66)
El Mensaje: Organo Oficial de Alpha 66 para Cuba, 1979
News from Cuba: Alianza Revolucionaria, n.d., 1963-1964
Organo Oficial de las delegaciones del Norte del Alpha 66
Patrocinadores de la Libertad Alpha 66 n.d.
Resurgir/ Delegación Santa Clara, Ca. , 1977- 1978
Retaguardia: Sección Femenina, Alianza Revolucionaria, 1964
Descrições relacionadas
Elemento de notas
Nota geral
Other Information:
This collection was processed with the support of the Miami-Dade County Department of Cultural Affairs and the Cultural Affairs Council, the Miami-Dade County Mayor and Board of County Commissioners.
Notas especializadas
Identificador(es) alternativo(s)
Elemento de controle de descrição
Regras ou convenções
Fontes utilizadas
Nota do arquivista
Processed by Duvy Argandoña with the assistance of Antonio Mestre, 2008. Finding aid updated and entered into Archon by María R. Estorino, November 2010. Finding aid subject terms assigned by Ana D. Rodríguez, January 2013. Container list added from legacy PDF, February 2014. Updated by Rebeca Gonzalez, May 2021.
Pontos de acesso
Pontos de acesso - Assuntos
Pontos de acesso - Locais
Pontos de acesso - Nomes
- Alpha 66 (Organization) (Assunto)