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Piedra Martel, Manuel, 1869-1954

  • Pessoa singular

Manuel Piedra Martel was a Cuban soldier, politican, diplomat, and writer. He fought in the Cuban War for Independence and obtained the rank of colonel in the Cuban Army. He later served in the House of Representatives of the new nation, as well as serving stints as the Cuban ambassador to Guatemala and China. Martel was also a writer and historian who composed memoirs and works of the contemporary history of Cuba.

Robés Massés, Raquel

  • Pessoa singular

Dra. Raquel Robés Massés and Ruth Robés de Rangel were Cuban educators in the pre-Revolutionary period. Ruth Robés de Rangel served as sub-director of the Cuban Department of Education in 1956.

Dra. Raquel Robés Massés was the librarian for the Lyceum y Lawn Tennis Club in Havana. She graduated from the School of Pedagogy at the University of Havana and from the two courses in librarianship offered by the Cuban Library Association. On March 24th, 1944, the Lyceum’s Children’s Library opened, where Raquel Robés also served as librarian. Ruth Robés presented commentary on Brave New World by A. Huxley at the Lyceum y Lawn Tennis Club on April 23, 1937, and published two Spanish-language learning books for children: “Había Una Vez” (1971) and “Había Una Vez, Segundo Libro” (1974). Starting in October 1941, she also worked with educator and writer Herminio Almendros to publish the children’s literature journal “Ronda,” which contained sections for children aimed at stimulating creativity and interest in learning. It circulated nationally through 1942. On November 28th, 1941, Ruth Robés spoke on Children's Day at Banda de la Casa de Beneficencia y Maternidad in Havana.

Fundora, Raquel

  • Pessoa singular
  • d. 2001

Raquel Fundora de Rodríguez Aragón (d. 2001) was a poet and a president of the Miami chapter of the Circle of Pan-American Culture. Founded in 1963 by Carlos M. Raggi, a Cuban professor, the Círculo de Cultura Panamericano (CCP) is an independent, non-profit cultural organization that includes educators, artists and writers who are dedicated to the study and promotion of Hispanic cultures under freedom and democracy.

Fundora also published several works of poetry. Her poems often reflect themes of nostalgia and longing for Cuba. Her books of poetry include: Nostalgia inconsolable (1973,) El canto del viento: Poemas (1983), Sendero de ensueños : Poesías (1990.)

In 1992, Fundora organized the XII Congreso Cultural de Verano of the Círculo de Cultura Panamericano (CCP) at the Koubek Memorial Center supported by Koubek Memorial Center, School of Continuing Studies at the University of Miami, and its directors Pablo Chao and Angel Pelfort. She was reported to say that the historic event "sirve para mantener la vigencia y continuidad de la cultura cubana en el exilio" (serves to maintain the relevancy and continuity of Cuban culture in exile).

She was married to exiled Cuban politician and lawyer Roberto Rodríguez de Aragón for 50 years and they had one daughter, Dra. Raquel Aurora Rodríguez Fundora.

Cuban Museum of Arts and Culture (Miami, Fla.)

  • Pessoa coletiva

The Cuban Museum of the Americas, more commonly known by its former name, The Cuban Museum of Arts and Culture, began in the 1974 with a mission to collect art and historical documents from Cuba. The museum collected and displayed works of art by Cuban artists, including those living in Cuba, Cuban artists living abroad, and Cuban-Americans. Operating for several years without a permanent location, the museum found a home in the Little Havana neighborhood of Miami from 1982 to 1991. With its closure in 1999, the museum donated its collections and records to the Lowe Art Museum at the University of Miami. The administrative records and historical documents were subsequently transferred to the Cuban Heritage Collection.

Hern, Virginia

  • Pessoa singular
  • 1924-2004

Virginia Hern (1924-2004) was born in San Luis, Oriente, Cuba. She wrote articles for newspapers such as the Miami Herald and Nuevo Herald as well as a fiction novel, “El Otro.”

Zayas-Bazán, Eduardo

  • Pessoa singular

Eduardo Zayas-Bazán is a Bay of Pigs veteran, political prisoner, and professor of Spanish at East Tennessee State University who authored "The Flying Fish", a historical fiction novel based on his experiences with Brigade 2506.

Crespo, América

  • Pessoa singular
  • 1922-1995

América Crespo was born in Havana, Cuba on October 22, 1922. She was a singer whose voice was featured in the musical works of Ernesto Lecuona and Gonzalo Roig. She gained popularity from her presence on the popular radio program “La Corte Suprema del Arte.” This program, which existed pre-1959, served as a platform for Cuban artists and entertainers to introduce their works to a larger audience and many famous Cuban artists had their start on this radio program. She later was signed as an exclusive artist to the RHC Azul radio station, which ran from 1940-1954 and was very popular on the island. In the 1950’s, Crespo interpreted some of her mentor Gonzalo Roig’s best works, along with artist Esther Borja. Her musical repertoire was heavily influenced by Cuban and international lyrical music. She made several discs, including “La Música de Gonzalo Roig,” “América Crespo - Arias, Valses Y Canciones Selectas” and “Amor en primavera.” She lived in the United States until her death in 1995.

Hernandez, Guillermo

  • Pessoa singular

Guillermo Hernandez was a Cuban banker, exile leader and Bay of Pigs Veteran.

Mañach, Jorge, 1898-1961

  • Pessoa singular

Jorge Mañach (1898-1961) was a Cuban lawyer, philosopher and writer. Mañach graduated from Harvard University in 1920 with a degree in philosophy and continued his studies in France and Cuba. While in exile during the 1930s, Mañach taught at Columbia University in New York City, until returning to Cuba in 1939. Upon his return to Cuba, he continued his teaching career at University of Havana, and was also creator and contributor to Universidad del Aire, a radio instruction program.

Mañach participated in revolutionary activities against the Fulgencio Batista government in the 1930s and was exiled at various points of his adult life to Spain and the United States for political reasons. In 1960, he was forced into exile to Puerto Rico because of his dissent of the government of Fidel Castro. He died in Puerto Rico in 1961. He was married to Margot Baños and had one son, Dr. Jorge Mañach-Baños.

José Lezama Lima, 1910-1976

  • Pessoa singular

José Lezama Lima was born to Rosa Lima Rosado and José María Lezama Rodda on 19 December 1910 at the Campamento Militar de Columbia, Marianao, near Havana. Lezama Lima was the second of three children, including two sisters, Rosa and Eloísa. José studied law at the University of Havana and graduated in 1938.

Poet, novelist and essayist, he had a solid foundation in the classics of the Spanish Golden Age and avidly studied the French Symbolists, who influenced his first book of poems: Muerte de Narciso (1937). He was one of the founders of the journals Verbum (1937), Espuela de Plata (1939-1941), Nadie Parecía (1942-1944), and Orígenes (1944-1956). He also collaborated in many Cuban magazines such as Gráfos, Diario de la Marina, Revista de la Biblioteca Nacional José Martí, and in foreign publications among which were Revista Mexicana de Literatura, El Heraldo Cultural (Mexico), Les Lettres Nouvelles (France), and Tri Quarterly (US).

Over the years his works have been studied by many literary critics, one of which, Emilio Bejel, considered that: "Most critics of Spanish American literature agree that José Lezama Lima is one of the truly universal writers of our time. His style, his poetic vision, and the unique role he defines for literature have been a continuing influence in Cuba, as well as throughout Latin America" (José Lezama Lima: Poet of the Image [Gainesville, FL: University of Florida Press, 1990] p. 2).

Lezama Lima's works have been translated into many languages. He received the Premio Maldoror (Spain, 1972) for his Poesías completas. In 1968 he was honored by the Biblioteca Nacional José Martí and in 1970 by the Unión de Escritores y Artistas de Cuba (UNEAC). Many seminars and conferences have bee dedicated to his works, and his literary production still receives international recognition.

Months after his mother's death in 1964, Lezama Lima married María Luisa Bautista Treviño. He died in Havana on 9 August 1976.

Alea Paz, Carmen

  • Pessoa singular
  • d. 2016

Carmen Alea Paz (d. 2016) was a poet, columnist, professor, and author who facilitated social change through her writing, which advocated for women to pursue traditionally male-dominated professional careers in the 1940’s and 50’s. She was born in Havana, Cuba in June of 1926.

In pre-Revolutionary Cuba, she wrote extensively for popular magazines such as Lux, Romances, Vanidades, Bazar, and Colorama and major newspapers of the era including Avance, El País, El Mundo, and the famous Diario de la Marina. Many of her articles highlighted the role of women in modern Cuban society. She also published poetry. In August 1943, Alea Paz wrote an essay on María Sklodowska Curie who protested against tsarism in Poland in the magazine Lux. This is an example of the anti-totalitarian thought that Alea Paz was a proponent of in her works. Another illustration is the poem “Inconformidad” published in El Diario de La Marina’s “Esquina del Poeta” (Poet’s Corner) on Sunday July 6,1958.

She married Carlos Paz in Havana in 1955. In January of 1962, Alea Paz and her husband left Cuba. They settled in the area of Los Angeles, California. Upon arriving in Los Angeles, Alea Paz earned a Master’s of Arts in English from California State University at Northridge. She later taught there as a professor of Spanish language and literature, as well as teaching classes at other colleges in the area. She continued to write, producing essays, critiques, poetry in Spanish and English and short stories in Spanish and English for newspapers and magazines such as La Opinión, Contact Magazine, La Voz Libre in Los Angeles; Diario de las Américas, Gaceta Lírica in Miami; Thought in Tampa; Círculo de Cultura, and Círculo Poético of Verona, New Jersey. She did translation work for a variety of projects including the book by Hill Chapin If you have kids, then be a parent! (¡Si usted tiene niños, entonces sea padre!), and videos for instance “Dive, dive, dive” (Directo al Fondo.)

In 1992, her career as a literary writer and poet took off, with the publication of her first book of poetry El caracol y el tiempo. In 1993 she was awarded the Enrique Labrador Ruiz International Short Story Award. In 1996, she published a novella plus short stories called El veranito de María Isabel y cuentos para insomnes rebeldes, which was published by Ponce de León press, and in 1999 she won the Dr. Alberto Gutiérrez de la Solana International Unpublished Novel Contest, sponsored by the Pan American Culture Circle of New Jersey. In 2001, she won the Alberto Gutiérrez de la Solana International Prize from the Pan American Culture Circle for her novel about the exile condition called Labios sellados. She also won a prize for a poem about the Cuban apostle José Martí called “El hombre de la rosa blanca” (The man of the white rose):

“Tu verbo claro, luminoso, armado/ con razones de honor y de justicia,/ de libertad clamaba la primicia/ para tu amado pueblo esclavizado. “En el cual se sigue proyectando el interés de la autora por la palabra como arma y expresión de la libertad humana y de su derecho a ser”.

In 2004, her novel Casino azul was published by the Universidad Autónoma de Baja California Sur. She also produced a family story called Risas, confeti y serpentinas. Her work has also appeared in collections of Cuban exile literature such as Narrativa y libertad (Cuban stories of the diaspora) published by Ediciones Universal of Miami in 1996 and in Trayectoria de la mujer cubana by Concepción Teresa Alzola, published in 2009 by Ediciones Universal. She continued to submit and publish poems in digital format through 2012. She also donated an unpublished manuscript by José Martí called Pensamientos to the University of Miami Cuban Heritage Collection, which Martí is said to have written in New York at the end of the 19th century and given to his secretary Gonzalo de Quesada. She was presented with the manuscript due to her own work on Martí at the Martiano Seminary of the University of Havana directed by Gonzalo Quesada y Miranda. The authenticity of the manuscript was certified by the Cuban essayist and Cuban historian Carlos Ripoll, considered one of the most important experts on Martí.

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